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Pyothorax in Felines

Writer's picture: Deborah NewmanDeborah Newman

Pyothorax is a life-threatening condition in cats that occurs when the pleural cavity fills with septic fluid. It can be caused by a number of factors, including bite wounds, aspiration of oropharyngeal flora, and gastrointestinal flora. 

Symptoms of pyothorax in cats include:

  • Rapid, shallow breathing

  • Open-mouthed breathing

  • Pain

  • Depression

  • Lethargy

  • Decreased appetite

  • Fever

  • Muffled heart sounds 

Treatment for pyothorax in cats typically involves: 

  • Emergency stabilization: Oxygen supplementation, fluid therapy, and broad-spectrum antibiotics 

  • Chest drains: Small-bore chest drains are used to allow for thoracic drainage and lavage 

  • Antibiotics: A long course of antibiotics is given to ensure the infection is cleared 

Treatment usually takes 4–8 weeks, and the long-term prognosis is generally good. However, the infection can relapse if it's stopped too soon.

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